A servo drive is an electronic amplifier used to power and monitor the feedback from servomechanisms.
Servo drives work by receiving a command signal from a control system, amplifying the signal and then sending the signal to a servo motor to produce motion. This motion is normally represented by velocity but can also be torque or position.
Within the servo motor, there is a sensor which reports the status back to the servo drive. The servo drive compares actual with what has been commanded and adjusts where necessary.
Applications
Servo drives can be used in many industries including CNC machining, factory automation, and robotics. They have the added benefit of providing motor feedback which can be used to detect unwanted motion or ensure the accuracy of a command.